How to perform plastering according to SNiP: tolerances and requirements for simple, improved and high-quality plaster

In order to ensure a smooth and even surface for painting or other decorative work, plastering is an essential step in wall finishing. To achieve the intended results, it is imperative to comprehend the plastering standards and requirements.

SNiP (Building Codes and Regulations), which specify precise tolerances and requirements, serve as the guidelines for these standards in the construction industry. Whether the plaster is simple, enhanced, or of superior quality, these guidelines guarantee that the plastering job satisfies quality standards.

Understanding the variations between these plastering levels facilitates effective planning and execution of the job, guaranteeing a long-lasting and visually beautiful finish. Let’s examine these standards’ contents and practical applications.

General requirements for plastering

The following points are included in the main rules:

• The room is protected from precipitation. Interior finishing is carried out at an air temperature of ≥ 10 ºС and humidity up to 60%. Such conditions are created and maintained constantly 48 hours before the start of work and at least 12 days after completion.
• Brick walls are moistened before plastering if the air temperature is more than ≥ 23 ºС.
• Hydro-, heat-, sound-insulation and floor pouring are completed; all joints in the walls are sealed; doors and windows are installed.
• Water supply and heating pipes are installed and tested.
• Embedded products for sanitary systems are installed after plastering.
• Finishing of facades begins after the roofing, waterproofing is completed, and drainage fasteners are installed.
• The surface for plastering is prepared: it has no rust, oil and bitumen stains, efflorescence.
• The base must be no less durable, finishing.
• Joints between wooden and brick (concrete) surfaces are plastered on a metal mesh; wooden walls – on stuffed shingles.
• The protruding details of the facade and stucco molding from gypsum are made with reinforcement (reinforcement or mesh).

Types of plaster according to SNiP

Referring to the previously mentioned SNiP 3.04.01-87, we can observe that finishing works are categorized into the following categories based on the execution quality:

However, it is unclear what kind of plaster should be used in which rooms. For example, simple is acceptable for residential properties, but if you want to, you can do high-quality work for utility rooms or semi-basements. It will not be forbidden to you.

It goes without saying that smooth walls in the house will be aesthetically pleasing, and that plastering the lighthouses in the garage is a ridiculous idea if the brickwork and paint are already roughly the same color. Everything determines what the customer wants.

The sequence of layers

Plastering solution is applied in multiple layers as part of the composition of the work during internal or external decoration. They go by the following name:

Apply. This is a plaster layer that was applied to a wall without being leveled. A solid foundation for later layers must be created on a brick or wooden surface. Use a tasty cement-sand mortar for spraying; it should easily pierce through wall pores, fights, and masonry seams. Plastering is not required if aerated concrete blocks or plates do not cause pollution of this kind.

Starting off. This is the primary cement or gypsum plaster leveling layer. At this point, all flaws, modifications, and departures from the vertical in the walls are fixed. Before the plaster starts to set, the mixture is manually applied with a spatula or by using a machine.

Depending on the degree of uneven surfaces, the intended outcome, and the maximum thickness of one layer, soil layers can vary.

The final layer of finishing is the covering coat. When applying wallpaper or painting, the surface must be flawlessly level and smooth. Use glossy plasters or gypsum putties to create it, eliminating any roughness. You cannot use the covering coat if you intend to use decorative textured plaster. After all, the base’s smoothness is irrelevant beneath the relief finish.

• for splashing and priming, a cement-sand or gypsum mixture that passes through a mesh with 3 mm cells is suitable;
• for the covering layer – with 1.5 mm cells (gypsum plaster or putty).

It is imperative to comprehend the tolerances and specifications for the various types of plastering—simple, improved, and high-quality—in order to execute plastering in accordance with SNiP standards. For surface evenness, layer thickness, and finish quality, each level has precise requirements that guarantee the finished product serves the intended function. Whether you’re working on a basic project or trying to achieve a premium finish, you can achieve the desired level of plastering by adhering to these guidelines.

Execution technology

Let’s go back to the various kinds of plaster.

Prior to beginning any "wet" work, I check the levelness of the ceiling and walls. Plaster can be avoided and putty can be used to level the surface if the maximum deviations are less than 5 mm. This holds true for well-geometric aerated concrete blocks or monolithic concrete bases. Plastering the brick will still need to be done before puttying.

Splashing and priming are two aspects of simple plastering. The least amount of rough finish is this. It’s crucial to adhere to the tolerances set forth in the table below for wall deviations, both vertical and horizontal. When plastering cellular concrete, for instance, splashing is not necessary. In this case, a single layer of primer is all that is needed for a basic coating. The plaster is applied and leveled right away. If grout needs to be set, it can be ground or manually applied.

A superior and enhanced covering layer is applied. Beacons must always be used during alignment. A plane is created by profile guides. After positioning them on the wall, the mortar is spread uniformly using a rule, sliding up along the beacons and filling in all of the spaces. The cover layer can be applied once the plaster has hardened.

Multilayer plastering is better and of higher quality (at least two stages, if there is no spray). You must allow the previous layer to fully dry and grasp (in large thickness) before applying any new layers. Every morning before work, the wall is worn out.

The thickness of the layer

You hear this question all the time: for example, how thick should improved plaster be? There is no way to answer this because the quality of its implementation—that is, adherence to SNiP requirements—determines how simple or improved the coating will be. This will display the deviation control measurements.

The surface’s curvature determines the thickness of the finish and how many plaster layers are needed to rectify it.

Manage the caliber of the wall’s construction! Massive material resources may be required for their alignment by plaster at the completion stage.

We’ll talk about the appropriate thickness for each layer below.

Be aware that, without sacrificing strength, contemporary technologies have long since moved away from these antiquated guidelines for coating thickness.

Plastering on a mesh in a single layer as thick as five centimeters is made possible by the use of fiberglass or metal reinforcement, as well as polymer additives in gypsum and cement-sand mixtures!

Technical requirements and maximum deviations

Let us now examine the specific requirements found in SNiP 3.04.01-87 that distinguish basic plastering from superior and superior plastering on beacons. Finishing walls, door slopes, curved surfaces, and other elements are subject to tolerances.

• Requirements for plastering door and window slopes, pilasters, pillars, luzg, etc.p.

• Deviations of the radius of curved surfaces from the design value (for the entire element)

Comprehending the SNiP plastering standards will guarantee that your work satisfies the essential standards for durability and quality. You can achieve a professional finish by adhering to these guidelines whether your goal is simple, improved, or high-quality plaster.

Because each plastering level has its own set of tolerances, you can select the best method for the job depending on its requirements. Following these guidelines will help you steer clear of common problems like cracked or uneven surfaces and guarantee that the plaster will last for many years.

By using these techniques in your plastering project, you’ll improve the walls’ overall aesthetic appeal while also preserving the building’s structural integrity. Once you have mastered these methods, you will feel more confident in your ability to produce results that meet industry standards.

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