Mechanized plastering

Automated wall plastering offers advantages and disadvantages. The ability to swiftly complete tasks and substitute simpler work for the finisher’s strenuous physical labor is a significant benefit. The caliber of the work continues to rise at the same time.

When walls are placed by machine, it is possible to work more quickly and the surface is smoother than when it is done by hand.

The composition must be prepared in small amounts for manual application; otherwise, it will solidify after 50 minutes. Simultaneously, the plaster dries unevenly, slowing down finishing and lowering its quality, which can cause irregularities and cracks later on.

There are numerous benefits to using machine plaster in walls and other areas:

• increased labor productivity;
• obtaining a more even and smooth surface even in the rough version, which significantly saves time to align (the difference from manual sketching – the process lasts about 5 times less);
• mechanical application of plaster passes faster than with manual processing;
• General expenses for wages are halved compared to payments when plastering manually due to a decrease in the number of workers involved;
• The composition obtained by a mechanized way has a homogeneous consistency due to mixing in constant mode, which eliminates the appearance of defects on the surface in the future;
• improved compound (adhesion) of the solution with surfaces due to the higher impact force and the speed of its impression during machine treatment;
• high strength, quality of connection is ensured by careful adherence to the process technology.

If more inexpensive dry mix is taken, the cost of the primary building material is always decreased, unless it is meant to be processed by a machine. It will also be needed less because the machine’s aggregate units will mix the composition and saturate it with air, making it more voluminous.

This finishing method has many benefits, but one drawback is the expensive equipment required. It is more profitable to rent it rather than buy it when working in small spaces on a one-time basis. You can also invite a master to use this device.

Plastering machines

A wall plastering machine is used to complete finishing work quickly, without sacrificing quality, and at a cost that is profitable. There are many such plastering tools available on the building materials market. It has various sizes, shapes, and technical attributes.

Both domestic and foreign manufacturers produce mechanized plastering machines. Every one of them is simple to use, quick to prepare solutions, and quick to apply them to surfaces. Utilizing just one or two technicians, they are simple to operate.

These machines come in a variety of capacities and weights ranging from 100 to 280 kg. The most popular brands are PFT, Putzmeister, and Kaleta. The larger dimensions of the "Afalina SHM-30" mechanized plastering machine set it apart. Apart from its primary uses (plastering, puttying, and solution preparation), it can also be employed for the installation of self-leveling flooring.

The PFT Ritmo M machine, which is the most compact of all, is utilized for the creation and application of plaster, leveling mixtures, and paints with water dispersion.

Any mechanical plastering equipment, regardless of brand, enables you to carry out this process effectively and consistently.

Surface painting and plastering are done by machines. Knauf makes a well-known gadget that is among them. It can handle both kinds of finishing work and has small dimensions. The German models are all compact and user-friendly, while the Russian models are larger and aid in the mechanical finishing of walls, ceilings, screed installation, and self-leveling floors. However, the devices mostly use compositions made of various building materials, such as limestone, gypsum, and cement. A plastering grouting machine is included in certain models.

Pneumatic shovels and pneumatic guns are also used when applying mixtures to facades, walls, and ceilings mechanically. The former consists of a steel container that collects the solution and has four nozzles to supply both air and the solution. Their capacity for operation is 60 m2 per hour.

The second kind of gadgets resemble functional guns; the amount of spraying is adjusted by screwing nozzles onto the nozzle barrel. There is a funnel-shaped container with an average capacity of five liters in its upper section. There is a trigger on the handle that controls the flow of solution. A branch located at the base of the handle is where a hose containing compressor air is attached. These mechanisms allow you to plaster both decoratively and rough. They move around the object at a high speed, which makes them simple to use.

Choosing a mixture for plastering

Both liquid and dry solutions are used in the automated plastering of walls. Plasterboard, gas and reinforced concrete slabs, and different types of concrete (cellular, plain) are processed by them.

Application of gypsum plaster machines is pertinent to interior design planning. It is employed to level walls and ceilings in spaces with low to average humidity. for cement-sand combinations meant for facades. The corner profile is also fixed with a specific composition. When it comes to manufacturers, Knauf plaster is the most well-liked by consumers; it is designed to be applied by machines. The Volma Sloy brand is also frequently utilized.

Mixtures are used on a gypsum or cement-sand base for machine plastering. Other ingredients (hardeners, additives) can be added to them to control the rate of hardening, maintain uniformity in appearance, and stop cracks.

1. Cement-sand mixture consists of cement with sand, used in mechanical processing of building facades. Such a solution is characterized by increased strength, resistance to temperature changes, exposure to precipitation. Good resistance to moisture allows this composition to be used in finishing swimming pools. The disadvantage of the mixture is the duration of its drying, the need to carry out additional puttying.
2. Gypsum plaster for machine application is intended for interior decoration. Its advantage over sand-cement mixture is that it sets faster. But gypsum is not affected well by water, so it is not used for finishing wet rooms. An important advantage of such a mixture is its porosity, it is a “breathing” material. Gypsum machine plaster is needed in smaller quantities, the reason for this is the same porosity.

Such a material does not peel off or crack when applied in thick layers (up to 50 mm). A perfect plane can be achieved almost instantly if the base is made of gypsum. Machine-applied cement plaster takes longer to set and requires waiting.

Surface preparation

The preparation of any object is the first step in plastering its surfaces. The surface must be cleaned in preparation for the automated plastering of the facade. Any and all anomalies that extend more than 10 cm and are brought about by the accumulation of construction materials on it are eliminated. Remove any metal components that protrude as well; they are shielded from corrosion.

Dust is removed from uneven bases with pressure-fed spray guns. A reinforcing mesh with 5×5 or 10×10 mm cells is applied to cracks and areas where different materials are joined.

Next, the surface’s vertical is examined using a long plaster level (2–3 m) and its horizontal is examined using a template and cord to identify the areas that protrude the most. The corners are examined using corner templates, or rules, and guide lighthouses are installed in accordance with the markings.

Work with a plaster machine

Prior to beginning work, the equipment is connected to the water and power supplies. It should function with it when the outside temperature is between 5 and 30 degrees Celsius.

One principle governs the automated process of stuck walls. The mechanism’s hopper, which has varying capacities (ranging from 30 to 75 kg), is filled with a dry mixture mixed with water. This allows the composition to become more pliable and oxygen-saturated.

Any container can have a pump (included in the device kit) used to pump water into the bunker.

The device is programmed with the necessary component ratio based on the predetermined parameters of the final solution. Plaster is delivered to the job site using a mortar hose. Here, it is thrown evenly using special nozzles onto the prepared surface. Once leveled, use wide spatulas. When working, a pneumatic gun can also be utilized.

The plaster application process, carried out by the machine, proceeds step by step as follows:

• the surface is prepared (cleaning from dirt, drips, remnants of old coatings, dust, measuring curvature, installing beacons, strengthening corners, treating metal surface elements with an anti-corrosion agent);
• the mixture is prepared using a plastering machine (the dry mixture is mixed with water until a homogeneous consistency);
• The finished composition with a layer of 3-20 mm thick is mechanically applied to the surface;
• Differential, removal of excess, refinement of difficult places (corners, niches, joints) to condition is carried out;
• The planes are wiped with a special sponge after 2 hours to give the surface of smoothness;
• The construction level checks the evenness of the finished coating.

The dried surface is prepared for final processing in 4-5 days.

Mechanized plastering is a contemporary method that applies plaster to walls more quickly and consistently than with traditional techniques. This method minimizes physical labor and guarantees a smooth, even finish on large surfaces by using specialized machines to mix and spray the plaster. Mechanized plastering can revolutionize wall finishing, whether you’re working on a large project or simply want to save time and effort.

Application solution

The following is the process for using the machine method to apply any kind of plaster. You must position the gun so that the solution is perpendicular to this plane at a distance of roughly 20 to 30 cm from the surface. The application starts as the air crane opens with hands outstretched forward. The corners that have joints should be treated with a mixture before filling the main surface.

Experience demonstrates that plaster is more easily mechanized. When operating, you only need to make sure that the previous layer overlaps the subsequent one by half because the machine applies the solution more evenly.

The gun’s speed can be changed to alter its thickness. It falls to produce a thin layer and rises to produce a thicker layer.

A contemporary method that greatly raises the effectiveness and caliber of wall finishing is mechanized plastering. This technique ensures a smooth, even surface, saves labor costs, and allows for faster application thanks to the use of specialized machinery.

Large-scale projects, where traditional hand plastering would be labor-intensive and physically taxing, benefit greatly from this technique. It also reduces the possibility of errors and helps produce consistent results.

For both professionals and do-it-yourselfers wishing to take on large plastering projects, mechanized plastering is a worthy alternative due to the long-term advantages in speed and quality, even though the initial investment in tools and training may seem high.

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